Calculating and recording machine.



No. 754,836. PATENTED MAR. 15, 1904. G. D. BAIRD.

CALCULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 23, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 11 SHEETSSHEET l.

No. 754,836. PATENTED MAR. 15, 1904.

0. n. BAIRD. CALCULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0OT.23, 1902.

I0 IODEL. 11 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 754,836. PATENTED MAR. 15, 1904.

V G. I). BAIRD.

CALCULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION I'ILB D OCT. 23, 1902.

N0 MODEL. 11 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

. y (I 5, 54/774 1 3M 1 Jhrm s No. 754,836. PATENTED MAR. 15, 1904. C. D. BAIRD.. CALCULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT.23, 1902.

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wifgzssz b Q ifox'ge ys No. 754,836. PATENTED MAR. 15, 1904.

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CALCULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 0OT.23,19024 HO IO DEL. 11 SHEETS-8HEET 6.

l IlHlHlHlll "HIHH 6 fl, 54 774 L az m e/ fiorgz y PATENTED MAR. 15, 1904.

C. D. BAIRD. CALCULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OUT. 23, 1902.

11 SHEETS-BHEET-7- NO MODEL.

PATENTED MAR. 15, 1904.

G. D. BAIRD.

CALCULATING AN=D RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION TILED OUT. 23, 1902.

11 SHEETS-SHEET 8.

no MODEL.

No. 754,836. PATENTED MAR. 15, 1904. O. D. BAIRD.

CALCULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLIUATION FILED OCT. 23, 1902.

N0 MODEL. ll SHEETS-SHEET 9.

wif zssz No. 754,836. PATENTED MAR. 15, 1904. C. D. BAIRD.

CALCULATING A'ND RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED OCT. 23, 1902.

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No. 754,836. PATENTED MAR. 15, 1904. 0. 1). BAIRD. GALGULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED 00123, 1902. v

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/ 1 I I I @AHor cyF UNITED STATES Patented March 15, 1904.

PATENT OEEicE.

CLARENCE D. BAIRD, OF ALEXANDRIA, TENNESSEE, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO JOHN F. ROY AND J AMESJ ONES, OF ALEXANDRIA,

TENNESSEE.

CALCULATING AND RECORDING MACHINE.

SPEGIFICATION t'QI-ming part of Letters Patent No. 754,836, dated March 15, 1904.

Application filed October 23, 1902.

To all 10/7/0771 it 777/602] concern:

I Be it known that I, CLARENon D. BAIRD, a citizen of the United States, residing at Alexandria, in the county of Dekalb and State of Tennessee, have invented a new and useful Calculating and Recording Machine, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in calculating and recording machines of that class shown in application for United States Letters Patent filed by me on January 13, 1902, under Serial No. 89,526.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved mechanism for transmitting the movement of the finger or character keys to the indicating and to the recording mechanism, whereby allof the keys may receive precisely the same degree of downward movement without regard to the values which they represent, while the effective movement transmitted to the indicating and recording mechanism will be proportioned to the value represented by each key.

A further object of the invention is to improve and render more certain and effective the mechanism for changing the direction of movement of the indicating -disk when an error is to be corrected and to provide im proved means for returning the indicatingdisks to Zero.

A still further object of the invention is to improve and simplify the mechanism for antomatically locking successive indicatingdisks to the' disk-carrying shaft and to provide an improved mechanism by which the disk-locking key may be allowed to remain in looking position with any desired disk to coniplete the addition of the number of figures of the same denominational value, to provide for the automatic step-by-step movement of the key and place the latter under the control of the finger or character keys during the employment of the machine for calculating a sum in which the figures have dififerent denominational values, and to further place the disklocking key under the control of a spacingkey which may be operated independently of Serial No. 128,473. (No model.)

the finger-keys to adjust the disk-locking key to any desired position.

' A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved form of recording mechanism by means of which successive lines of figures or subtotals may be printed and by which the recording or imprinting mechanism may be adjusted to proper position for the printing of a grand total during the returning movement of the indicating-disks to initial position.

A still further object of the invention is to so connect the indicating and the recording mechanisms as to provide for the proper adjustment of the recording mechanism from a movement of the indicating mechanism in either direction.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an improved means for preventing the printing of ciphers to the left of any row of figures which it maybe desired to record and in this connection to so construct a machine that the adjustment preliminary to the printing of a grand total will move an inked ribbon of a color different from that employed for the subtotals into alinement with the printing-types and platen.

A still further object of the invention is to provide an operating means for moving each separate type to printing position and to guard against the adjustment to imprinting position of any type-bars unselected by the operator.

A still further object of the invention is to provide for the operation of all of the parts by a single operating-lever after the indicating and recording devices have been moved to the desired position by the finger-keys.

With. these and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter described, illustrated inthe accompanyingdrawings, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal sectional elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is an elevation looking from the right-hand side of the machine, the side of the casing being removed in order to more clearly illustrate the construction. Fig. 4 is a similar view looking from the left-hand side of the machine. Figs. 5 and 6 are transverse sectional elevations of the machine on the lines 5 5 and 6 6, respectively, of Fig. 2. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the machine with the casingremoved. Fig. 8 is a detail perspective view of a portion of the mechanism for transmitting the movement of the finger-keys to the indicating-disks and illustrating particularly the means employed for preventing excessive movement of the disks. sectional view of the locking device employed for retaining the space-key in inoperative position. Fig. 10 is a detail sectional view, on an enlarged scale, of the indicating-disks and the adjusting mechanism therefor, together with the disk-locking key and its actuating mechanism. Fig. 11 is a sectional elevation of the actuating-drum for the disk-locking key, the section being taken on the plane indicated by the line 11 11 of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a detail view of a portion of the mechanism shown in Fig. 10, with the parts in differ ent positions. Fig. 13 is a transverse sectional elevation on the line 13 13 of Fig. 10 and illustrating a portion of the mechanism for adjusting the position of the transferring devices to enable the indicating-disks to transfer from a lower to a higher disk during addition or from a higher to a lower disk during subtraction. Figs. 14 and 15 are transverse sectional elevations on the line 14 14. of Fig. 10, illustrating the construction of the mechanism for transferring the movement of one disk to the neXt succeeding disk, as from a unit to a tens disk or from a tens to a hundreds disk. Figs. 16 and .17 are perspective views of a pair of adjacent indieatingdisks, illustrating the mechanism carried by each disk. Fig. 18 is a transverse sectional elevation, partly on the line 18 18 of Fig. 5. illustrating the arrangement of the train of gearing for transmitting the movement of the primary shaft to the indicating-disk shaft. Figs. 19 and 20 are detail views showing the different positions to which said gears may be adjusted for effecting the different operations. Fig. 21 is a detail perspective view of the key for locking the indicating-disks and the various parts which may be connected to the key and its operating mechanism for partially controlling the adjustment of the registering devices. Fig. 22 is a detail perspective view of one of the type-segments and the mechanism for moving selected type to imprinting positions. Figs. 23 and 24 are detail perspective views of portions of the registering mechanism more specifically referred to hereinafter. Fig. 25 is a detail view of one of the chains for adjusting a type-segment to position and the reel on which said chain is wound. Fig. 26

is a detail perspective View of a portion of the Fig. 9 is a detail chain. Fig. 27 is a detail perspective view of one of the devices for adjusting the mechanism by which the indicating-disks are re turned to zero position and by which the totalprinting ribbon may be adjusted and held in operative position. Fig. 28 is a detail perspective view of one of the keys for controlling the movement of the recording mechanism. Fig. 29 is a sectional elevation of a detail of the paper-carriage more particularly referred to hereinafter. Fig. 30 is a sectional elevation of one of the ribbon-reels. Fig. 31 is a detail perspective view of a portion of the mechanism for transmitting differential movement from the finger-keys to the indieating mechanism. 32 and 33 are detail perspective views showing gearing for changing the direction of movement of the indicating-disks. Fig. 34 is a detail view illustrating one of the indicating-disks and its holdingpawl. Fig. 35 is a detail perspective view of a portion of the mechanism shown in Fig. 10, illustrating details of construction.

Similar numerals of reference are employed to indicate corresponding parts throughout the several figures of the drawings.

The machine for convenience may be divided into a number of sections, comprising a finger-key mechanism, an indicating mechanism operable by the linger-keys, and a registering mechanism operable from the indicating mechanism.

The indicating mechanism comprises in general a number of disks loosely mounted on a hollow shaft 25 and each bearing numerals from naught to nine, the disks being of different denominational value, as is usual in machines of this class, and means being provided for locking any desired disk to the shaft in order that the rotative movement of the shaft shall be imparted thereto.

The linger-key mechanism has two functions, one to impart differential rotative movement to the shaft 25 in accordance with the value represented by the finger-key depressed, and, secondly, to provide for the locking of a selected disk to said shaft .25. To receive this rotative movement, the shaft 25 is provided with a double gear-wheel 26 and the shaft 27 of the linger-key mechanism is pro vided with a gear-wheel 28, which may revolve the double gear-wheel by intermeshing directly therewith or indirectly through a gear-wheel 29, as shown in Figs. 18, 19, and 20, the gearing being adjustable in order that the rotative movement of the shaft 27 may be imparted to the disk-carrying shaftin either direction and the machine employed for sums in addition or for ordinary subtraction, in case it may be desired to lessen the sum indieated by the disks for the purpose of correcting an error.

The shaft 27, Figs. '7 and 8, is provided with gear-wheels 80, 31, 32, 33, and 84:, said gears being of different diameters and being intermeshed, respectively, with gear-wheels 30, 31', 32', 33, and 34;, all of different diameters and journaled in different vertical planes in order that their teeth may properly intermesh with the gears on the shaft 27. Each of the independently journaled pinions, with the exception of the pinion 34, is rigidly secured to a gear-wheel 36, and all of the gears 36 and the pinion 34: are of equal diameter. In the base of the machine are a number of hollow standards 37, five being employed in the present instance, and each standard supporting a shank 38 of a finger-key 39, the shank and key being normally retained in elevated position by a coiled compression spring 40. Each shank 38 is provided with a plate or bar &1, extending through a radially-disposed slot in its standard 37, and at the outer edge of each plate is a rack adapted for engagement with the gears 36 and pinion 34', previously referred to.

The several finger-keys, ranging from right to left, are provided with designating-numerals from 1 to 5 to indicate the value of said keys and the degree of rotative movement which they are adapted to impart to the indicating-disk shaft. In practice itis preferred to employ five keys in order that the device may be readily operated by one hand without rendering it necessary to keep the keyboard in constant view, although any desired number of keys may be employed without departing from the invention. Each key, without respect to the value represented, receives the same degree of downward movement; but the effective movement transferred to the gear 28, and through it to the indicating-disk shaft, is determined by the relative diameter of the gear-wheels. The rack of the finger-key to the right of themachine, having a value of one, intermeshes with one of the large gears 86 and turns the pinion connected thereto. This pinion is of small diameter and imparts to its intermeshing gear-wheel 30 an angular movement equal to one-tenth of a revolution of the indicating-disk shaft, so that any indieating-disk which may be secured to the shaft will receive a one-tenth movement, suflicient to display the next adjacent numeral on the disk at the visual opening in the casing. The relation between the gears which connect the finger-key marked Wtd its gear-wheel 31 and the indicating-disk shaft are such as to impart to the latter a movement equal to two-tenths of a revolution, and in similar manner the successive keys impart different angular movements to the indicating-disk, that given by the finger-key bearing the numeral 5being equal to one-half or five-tenths of a revolution. When a larger number, as nine keys, are employed, the movement imparted may range from one-tenth to nine-tenths of a revolution, in accordance with the value of the keys; but where only five keys are employed and it is desired to indicate any number between five and nine the proper keys are successively depressed-as, for instance, to indicate the nu meral 7 keys Nos. 5 and 2 or keys Nos. 4 and 3 would be successively actuated.-

In order not to tax the strength of the operator, the keys should offer but little resistance to the depressive movement. and when this is the case there is likelihood of the gears whirling from an abrupt movement and imparting an excessive movement to the indicating-disks. In order to avoid this and to check the movement of the gears at the proper time, as well as to permit the free return movement of the keys to elevated position, I employ a mechanism shown in Fig. 8.

To each of the gear-wheels on the shaft 27 is secured a cam 4.2, the cam and gear-wheel of each set being loosely mounted on the shaft and provided with one or more pawls adapted to engage the ratchet-wheel l3, secured to the shaft 27 and provided with ten teeth, the pawls engaging with the teeth of the ratchetwheel and positively turning the shaft on the downward movement of the finger-keys, but permitting the gear-wheel and cam to revolve freely on the shaft in the opposite direction, while the finger-keys are being returned to the elevated position by the springs 4C0. To the shaft are secured a number of ratchet-wheels M, of which one is arranged adjacent to each cam-disk, said ratchet-wheels each having ten teeth. At a suitable point to the rear of the base of the keyboard are pivoted a number of spring-messed pawls &5, adapted to engage the ratcl'iet-wheels 44, and from one side of each pawl extends a finger 46, arranged in operable relation to the cam-disk &2, each camdisk being of a shape corresponding to the value of the finger-key and its connected gearing, with which said cam-disk cooperates. By referring to 8 it will be seen that each cam-disk is provided with a shoulder LT, and said shoulder is situated when in normal po sition at a distance in advance of the finger L6 proportionate to the distance through which its adjacent gearwheel moves under the impulse of the finger-key. The cam-disk to the extreme right of the machine, or that which cooperates with the finger-key marked 1, will have its shoulder one-tenth of a revolution in advance of the linger as, and when said cam is revolved through this distance the finger will fall and the pawl 45 will engage in the ratchetwheel 44 and positively step further move ment of the shaft. \Vhen the cam-disk is returning to its initial position under the impulse of the returning-spring 4E0 of the fingerkey, the shoulder I? will engage with the finger 46, and thus raise the pawl a5 from engagement with the ratchet-wheel, the parts being returned to an initial position after each operation. In similar manner the operatingshoulder of the cam-disk governed by finger-key No. 2 will normally be arranged twotenths of a revolution 1n advance of the pawl- I extent.

. revolved in the opposite direction.

finger and the remaining cam-disks will have their shoulders arranged at three-tenths, fourtenths, andfive-tenths of a revolution in advance of their respective fingers.

The indicating-disk shaft 25, Fig. 10, is mounted in suitable bearings and provided with an elongated key-slot 25, through which extends a locking-key e8, mounted on a carriage 19, which may be reciprocatcd within the hollow shaft either manually or. by the automatic mechanism hereinafter described. At the end of the hollow shaft is a short spindle 50, guided in a bearing in a casing of the machine and extending within the end of the shaft. The shaft is provided with two-diametrically-disposed slots 51, through which passes a pin 52, the pin serving to secure the spindle 50 to the double gear-wheel 26 and the slots 51 permitting a slight longitudinal movement of the double gear-wheel with respect to the indicating-disk shaft, the outer end of the spindle at a point outside the casing being provided with a grooved knob 53, by means of which the spindle and the double gear may be adjusted, suitable means being employed for locking the parts in adjusted position. Under normal conditions when the machine is employed for purposes of addition the gears are connected in the manner shown in the diagram Fig. 19, the gear 28 intermes-hing with the gear 29, carried by a stud on the frame, and the latter intermeshing with the double gear 26 and imparting movement in the proper direction to the indicating-disk shaft. IV hen it is desired to turn the indicating-disk shaft in the opposite direction for purposes of sub traction or to move the indicating-disk shaft backward for the purpose of correcting an error, the knob 53 is forced inwardly and the double gear 26 is shifted to the position shown in Fig. 20, said gear being then inter-meshed directly with the primary gear 28 and being The knob 53 and the double gear are held in adjusted position by means of a flanged disk 54, having a lug 541 engaging the groove in said knob, said disk being turned after the knob is pushed in until the lu enters the groove and retains the knob and couble gea-r in position. The turning of this disk effects a movement of another portion of the indicating mechanism, as will more fully appear hereinafter.

On the hollow indicating-disk shaft 25, Fig.

10, are mounted a number of indicating-disks 55, nine in the present instance, although the number may be increased or diminished to any The disks are all of the same construction and are normally loose on the shaft,

but capable of being locked thereto by the key 48. The surface of each disk is provided dropping into the successive notches or grooves and offering but slight resistance to the movement of the disk in either direction.

In the central portion of each disk are ten radially-disposed and equidistant keyways 59, in any one of which may engage the key 4-8 on the carriage 19, and said carriage may be moved within the hollow shaft to engage and lock any one of said disks to the shaft. The disks, ranging from right to left, designate decimal values from units to tens, hundreds, thousands and the values constantly increas ing in multiples of ten, the extreme left-hand disk representing in the present case hundreds of millions, while if the machine be employed for adding money values the two righthand disks will be employed to represent cents and tens of cents, the extreme left-hand disk then representing one million dollars. On the depression of any one of the numbered finger-keys the d cgree of movement imparted to the gears will be transmitted to the shaft 25 and to that one of the disks locked to said shaft by the key 48, the movement of the finger-key number 1 revolving an indicating-disk to the extent of one-tenth of a revolution and bringing the numeral 1 of said disk into alinement with a suitable visual slot or opening. In this manner the key 48 may be moved to engage one disk after another and any suitable degree of movement imparted thereto.

In order to transfer a partial rotative movement from a unit or tens disk to a tens or h undrcds disk or from any disk representii'igthe lower value to one representing a higher value, I employ a mechanism best shown in Figs. 14, 15, 16, and 17.

On the left-hand side of each indicating-disk are pivoted two pawls 61 and 62, the toothed ends of which are projected toward the center of the disk by a suitable spring (33, centrally held on a stud 6% and having its opposite ends bearing against the rear ends of the pawl. In the adjacent face of the next sucl ceeding disk is arranged a recess 65, within which are two ratchet-wheels 66 and 67, secured to. or formed integral with each other and with the disk, each ratchet-wheel being provided with ten teeth, the teeth of one facing in one direction and the teeth of the other in the opposite direction. The pawl 61, which may be termed the :uldition-pawl, is adapted to engage with the ratchet-wheel 66 and under normal conditions will engage with and turn said ratchet-wheel to the extent of onetenth of a revolution each time the disk which supports said pawl makes a complete revolution. The opposing pawl 62, which may be termed the subtraction-pawl, engages with the ratchet-wheel 6'? during such times as the movement of the disk-carrying shaft 25 is reversed to move the disks backward for purposes of subtraction or to correct an error.

On the fixed frame of the machine are secured a number of rings 68, Fig. 10, which project upwardly between the disks, each ring being provided with a centrally disposed groove 69, which divides it into two parallel flanges and 71, on one of which bears a lug 7 2 on the rear face of the tail of the additionpawl 61, and on the other flange, 70, bears a lug 7 3 on the tail of the subtraction-pawl 62. In the flange 7 O is a recess 7 4, and in the flange 71 is a similar recess 75, each recess extending for rather more than one-tenth of the circumference of the flange and the recesses being situated at different points in the flanges, as shown in Figs. 1a and 15. If these recesses were open at all times, the lugs on the pawl would enter and permit the toothed ends of the pawls to move toward and engage the ratchet-wheels 66 and 67. In the groove 69, formed between the two flanges, is a cam-ring 77, having two elongated notches 78 and 79, Fig. 13, the notch 78 being normally in alinement with the recess of the flange 71, and

as the lugs of both pawls bear partly on this ring and partly on their respective flanges the lugs72 of the addition-pawl 61 will be permitted to move outwardly into the alining recess 78 of the ring and the corresponding recess 75 of the flange once during each revolution of the indicating-disk to which said pawl is pivoted. This movement of the rear end of the pawl moves the toothed end of said pawl into engagement with a tooth of the ratchet-wheel 66, the latter being turned to the extent of one tooth, or one-tenth of a revolution, to expose a succeeding numeral on the periphery of the disk.

At a point above the shaft 25 the stationary frame is provided with bearings for the reception of a hollow shaft 80, having a key-slot 81 extending throughout its entire length and provided with a plurality of pinions, of which there are two sets 82 and 83, the former being normally secured to the shaft by keys 8 f, carried by a spindle 85, guided longitudinally within the hollow shaft. The pinions 82 in termesh with racks 83, formed on the exterior of the ring 77, so that if the shaft and spindle are turned the pinions will be rotated to shift the position of the rings and alter the position of the pawls. When said rings are in the position illustrated in Fig. 14, which is the normal position when the machine is being employed for the addition of a column of figures, the recesses 78 and 75 will be in alineinentand the addition-pawl will be permitted to operate once during each revolution. \Vhen the ring is in the position shown in Fig. 14:, its recess 79 and the recess 74 of the flange 71 are not in alinement, so that the subtractionpawl 62, which bears against both the ring and the flange, will be constantly held out of engagement with the ratchet-wheel. When the position of the rings 77 is shifted, as illustrated in Fig. 15, the recess 78 moves out of alinement with the recess 75 and keeps the addition-pawl 61 out of operation, and at the same time the recess 79 of the ring moves into alinement with the recess 7 4., permitting the subtraction-pawl 62 to move into operable relation with the ratchet-wheel 67. This shifting of the ring occurs only when it is desired to reverse the normal direction of travel of the disk-carrying shaft to move the disks backward for purposes of subtraction or to correct an error, and the reversing and shifting mechanism is operated by the engagement of the pinions 82 with the segment 83 on the several rings. The flanged disk 54, which has been previously referred to, is disposed in alinement with the spindle 85, and the hub of said disk is provided with a central portion of reduced diam eter that fits in a suitable bearing-opening in the casing, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 5, and it may be readily turned by means of a thumb-piece 86, secured to said disk. In the central portion of the disk is a guiding-opening for the passage of the spindle 85, said spindle being normally maintained in the position shown in Fig. 10 by means of a coiled compression-spring 87, extending between a small pinion 88, secured to the spindle, and the hub portion of the disk 54. At the outer end of the spindle is a disk 89, carrying an inwardly-projecting pin 90, adapted to engage in an opening in the dis 04, the pin being normally held within the opening by means of the spring 87. In the operation of this portion of the mechanism the knob 53 is first pushed inward to shift the position of the double gear 26, and while held in this position the thumb-piece 86 on the disk 54: vis caught and turned until the lug 54: of said disk enters the annular slot or groove in the periphery of the knob 53, effectually locking said knob and the double-gear wheel 26 in adjusted position. The turning movement of the disk 5 L causes a corresponding movement of the spindle through its connection with the disk and effects a partial rotative movement of each of the pinions 82 and the shifting of the positions of the rings 77. The indicating-disk mechanism remains in either position to which it is adjusted, and the disks are turned in the desired direction by the same operative movement of the finger-keys.

On the periphery of each of the indicatingdisks are gear-teeth extending continuously around the disk and forming a gear-wheel 92, this gear intermeshing with connecting-gears for effecting the adjustment of the recording devices. A portion of some of the teeth are cut away to form a space 93, and this portion of the gear of each disk is in alinement and normally in engagement with a loose pinion 83, mounted'on the hollow shaft 80, the pinions being idle during the normal operation of the machine. hen itis desired to return all of the indicating-disks to zero position after the completion of a problem, the spindle 85 is shifted longitudinally until the several keys 84:, projecting through the hollow shaft,

are engaged in one or other of a number of radially-disposed keyways in the gears 83, effectually locking said gears to the hollow shaft and the same time releasing the pinions i 82, which operate the cam-rings 77. The longitudinal movement of the spindle is effected by a lever 96, Figs. 10 and 27, pivoted on a stud atthe left-hand side of the frame of the machine and provided with an inclined portion 97. adapted to engage with the conical or rounded end 98 of the spindle, which projects beyond the side of the main supporting-frame. The lever 96 may be depressed in a number of ways; but at each depression the inclined surface 97 engages the end of the spindle and effects the longitudinal movement of the spindle 85 until the keys 84 release the pinions 82 and engage the pinions 83. This same movement of the spindle brings the pinion 88 into mesh with a gear-wheel 99, mounted on a stud or pin 100 at the right-hand side of the frame, said gear 99 being in constant mesh with a gear-wheel 212 on a cam-shaft 210, hereinafter referred to, and said shaft also carrying a gear 212 in mesh with a gear 101 on the main shaft 102 of the machine, so that when a crankhandle 104, connected to said main shaft, is operated the train of gearing will rotate the pinion 88 and through it the spindle and the hollow shaft, all of the pinions 83 being turned until the spaced portion 93 of the indicating-disk gears is reached, at which time the Zeros of said disks will be in alinement with the visual opening of the casing. hen the spindle 85 is shifted in the manner described, the pin 90, carried by the spindlesupported disk 89. is moved out of engagement with the opening in the disk 54, so that said spindle may rotate freely, and when the lever 96 is elevated from engagement with the end of the spindle the latter is returned to its initial position by the spring 87, the pinion 88 being moved out of mesh with the gearwheel 99 and the several locking-keys 84 being moved into engagement with the pinions 82, carried by the hollow shaft. The pinions 83 maybe held by suitable pawls which will permit movement in either direction.

The machine as thus far described is of value in the addition of single columns, where the locking-key 48 may be held continuously in engagement with the unitsdisk until the entire column of units is added and then shifted to the tens-disk to count the next column,and so on until the calculation is finished. Where, however, it is desired to add a number of columns at once, it is preferable to employ means for auton'iatically shifting the key from the units-disk to the tens-disk and from the tens-disk to the hundreds-disk, and so on to disks of correspondingly-increasing values, in accordance with the number of figures in the row. To accomplish this automatic shifting of the position of the locking-key, I employ a spring-drum of the character shown in Figs. 10, 11, and 12.

In a standard 102 is a bearing for the support of a hollow shaft 103, having at one end a hollow drum 104. Arranged within the drum is a spiral spring having one end secured to the inner circular wall of the drum and its inner end secured to a spindle 106, extending through the hollow shaft 103 and having its opposite end adapted to a threaded opening in a bracket 107, projecting from the side of the frame. The outer head of the d rum is confined in position by the headed end 108 of the spindle in order to provide a convenient means for renewal of the spring when broken. On the periphery of the drum is secured an annular rack or gear 1 10, intermeshing with a rack 1 11, formingpart of a bar 112, which extends through the disk-carrying shaft 25 and is securely fastened to the carriage 49. The drum is revolved by the spring in one direction, and the gear 110 thereon being engaged with the rack 111 feeds the bar 112 and the carriage toward the left of the machine, there being means for governing the movement of the drum to stop the key in locking position with the successive indieating-disks. At a point under the drum is a shaft 114, adapted to suitable bearings and provided with a pinion 115, engaging with the gear on the drum. To this shaft is also secured a disk 116, having a pair of diametrically-opposed notches 117 and 118, and the shaft further affords a. support for a pivoted cam 119, provided with a pin 120, fitting in the slotted rear end of a spacing-lever 121. The spacing-lever 121 is pivoted on a stud 122 and is connected to a similarly-pivoted lever at the opposite side of the machine by a crossbar 123, Fig. 7, which extends transversely of the machine in front of the several standards which support the linger-keys. At about the central portion of the cross-bar 123 is secured the shank of a space-key 124, which is arranged outside the casing and disposed in such manner that it may be depressed independent of the finger-keys bearing the numerals when it is desired to effect an indepcmlent movement of the indicating-disk-locking key. On one side of the frame is pivoted a pawl 126, normally held by a suitable spring in engagement with or adjacent to a shoulder formed by the notch 117 in the disk 116, and. at one side of said pawl is a finger 127, adapted to be engaged by the ugper portion of the cam 119. In the base is disposed a second spring-pressed pawl 128, adapted to engage the shoulder 118, and this pawl is provided with a finger 129, adapted for engagement by the lower portion of the cam 119.

The spring being wound, the operation is as follows: The spacing-lever 121 is depressed against the action of a spring 180, which normally holds the same in elevated position, and the slotted end of saidlever held from movement.

effects a slight turning movement of the cam 119 until its lower shoulder engages the finger 129 of the pawl 128 and releases the same from engagement with the shoulder 118. This permits a slight turning movement of the disk 116 until the shoulder 117 comes into engagement with the pawl 126. \Vhen the spacinglever is released and allowed to rise, the cam 119 moves to the position shown in Fig. 5, permitting the pawl 128 to move into contact with the periphery of the disk; but at this time the shoulder 118 is slightly out of alinement with the engaging surface of said pawl. The continued rocking movement of the cam elevates the finger 127, and pawl 126 moves out of engagement with the shoulder 117, permitting the disk 116 to revolve to the extent of one-half of a revolution, or until the shoulder 117 engages the pawl 128 and stops the movement. The spring-drum turns to an extent sufficient to move the rack-bar, and the carriage 49 moves its locking-key 18 from engagement with one indicating-disk and into engagement with the next succeeding disk of higher value.

It will be noted that the movement of the locking-key takes place on the upward and not on the downward movement of the spacinglever and occurs after the rotative movement of an indicating-disk is accomplished on the depressing of a character-key. The spacinglever may be independently operated to ad just the position of the locking-key by means of the finger piece or key 124; but under normal conditions it is preferred to provide means for actuating the spacing-key at each depression of any character-key, and to this end the shank portion of each key is provided with a forwardly-extending bar or arm 130, projecting over and in contact with the cross-bar 123 of the spacing-lever, so that a character-key may be depressed to effect the rotation of the units-disk while said units-disk is locked to the shaft and at the same time depress the spacing-lever. On the upward movement of the spacing-lever the locking-key is automatically moved into engagement with the tens disk, so that the next depression of a character-key will indicate a succeeding numeral in the second or tens column.

In order to temporarily lock the spacingle .ver in inoperative position when it is desired to add a vertical row of figures in one column, the side of the casing is. provided with a barrel 131, Fig. 9, in which is guideda lockingbolt 132, having at one end a suitable knob or handle 133 outside of the casing. The bolt is pressed inwardly by a suitable spring, and its inner end is inclined and arranged in such manner that the spacing lever when fully depressed will be automatically engaged and The fully-depressed position of the spacing-lever is lower than that to which the lever is moved by the engagement of the arms 130 of the character-keys with the cross-bar 123 of the spacing-lever, so that said character-keys may be freely operated without releasing or effecting any movement of the spacing-lever when the latter is in locked position, and the operator may add continuous rows of any denominational value by retaining the locking-key in engagement with any desired disk. To provide for the rewinding of the spring and the return of the disk-locking key to its initial position after each operation, the main operating-shaft 102 of the machine is employed. On this shaft is loosely mounted a bevel-gear segment 138, Fig. 7 which is constantly in mesh with a bevel-pinion 139 on the hollow shaft 103, the segment being turned as the drum revolves and for an angular distance dependent on the extent of movement of the drum. The shaft 102 has a radially-disposed rigid arm 1&0, which during a portion of the movement of said shaft engages one of the edges of the segment, turning the latter and the bevel gear and rewindingthe spring in the drum. As the extent of effective winding movement of the segment is governed by the degree of movement imparted thereto by the spring-drum, it will be seen that the winding movement of the spring is proportioned to the extent of movement of the disk-locking key, the tension of the spring being the same each time the drum is moved to an initial position.

The recorflin 17').( GZtQ'IM -SHI. At a point to the rear of the indicating mechanism are suitable standards 1&0, to which is secured a hollow cylinder or tube 1&1, serving as a pivotal support for type-segments 1 12 of a number equal to the number of indicating-disks. Each segment has two arcuate arms 1-13 and 1441, provided with polygonal and radially alining, openings 1 15 for the reception of type-bars let6,the latter being ten in number and bearing numerals from 0 to 9, the cipher or zero bar being normally in horizontal position in readiness for printing. he type-heads 1 17 at the outer end of each bar are somewhat larger in diameter than the bars proper in order to prevent their passing through the guideopenings 145, and the rear faces of the typeheads are normally held in engagement with the outer curved surface of the segments by springs 1 18,extending betweenthe inner faces of the outer arcuate bars and collars 1 19, secured to the type bars. The segments are. moved on the cylinder 1&1 as a center until any desired rack-bar is in the horizontal or printing position,and when the entire row of type-bars are so adjusted they are forced out wardly and the types moved into contact with the ribbon and the paper on which the figures are to be recorded.

Secured within the cylinder 141 is a horizontally-disposed block 150, having bearings for the support of striker-bars 152 of a number equal to the number of type-segments and IIO one of such bars being disposed in alinement with each segment. The bar 152 is provided with a shoulder or flange 15%,arranged within a recessed portion, againstwhich presses one end of a helical compression-spring 155, the inner end of which bears against a seat formed in the recessed portion of the bar 150,

and the outer end of said bar is maintained in L a horizontal position in alinement with the zero type-bar or any other type-bar which may be moved by the segment to the horizontal or printing position. The rear end of the striker-bar extends through a guiding-opening in a plate 158 and at its extreme rear end passes through a vertical slot 160 in the upper end of a two-armed lever 161, the end of the bar being T-shaped in order to engage the rear face of said lever on each side of the slot, so that on a movement of the lever in one direc tion the bar will be drawn in the direction of the indicating-disks and away from the typebars, and as this forward movement of the lever 161 is to an extent suflicient to move the flanged portion 1541 beyond a spring-pressed pawl 162,fulcrumed to the block 150, the pawl moves behind the flange and retains the strikerbar in the rear position with the spring 155 compressed. Between the front face of the plate 158 and the lever 161 the bar is provided with a helical compression-spring 165,possessing greater strength than the spring and normally holding the lever 161 away from the cylinder 1 11 and retaining the inner spring 155 in a slightly-compressed condition. \Vithin the cylinder 1411 is pivoted an arm 167, having one end adapted to engage the pawl 162 and its opposite end being provided with an -antifriction-roller 168, with which may engage an inclined lug 169, carried by the lever 161. In the operation of this portion of the mechanism, the type-segment having been adjusted until the desired type-bar is in printing position, the lever 161 is drawn toward the front of the machine until the spring 155 is compresscfd and the pawl 162 engages the flange 154 and holds the striker-bar in the rear position. The movement of the lever 161 is accomplished by the heavy compression-spring 165, and after the parts are ready to operate said lever is forcibly moved to the rear against the stress of the spring 165 until its inclined lug 169 engages the antifrictionroller 168 of the lever 167 and moves the pawl 162 to releasing position. The spring 155 being thus released projects the striker-bar until its outer end comes into contact with the selected type-bar and forcibly moves the same until the type-head 1&7 strikes the ribbon and the paper.

To each type-segment, Fig. 22, is secured a substantially radial arm 170, and extending between the outer end of this arm and the upper surface of the type-segment is an arcuate bar 171, bearing numerals from O to 9 in the same relation in which they appear on 1 the type-segments, these numerals being movable into alinement with a visual opening 178 in the upper portion of the casing as the type segments are adjusted to position. As the position of the opening and the numerals displayed on the bar 171 is such as to prevent the operator from seeing the numerals while in a sitting position, said numerals are preferably arranged in reverse order, being provided with type-faces, and at the rear wall of the opening is hinged a cover 175, having on its lower face a mirror or similar device in which the numerals are reflected in convenient position to be observed by the operator.

The several levers 161 are mounted on a transversely-disposed pivot-pin 180, carried by the frame, and the forward and upwardly extending arm 181 of each lever is pressed against a rib or flange 182, projected radially from a sliding and rocking bar 183, adapted to a stationary grooved guide 18%- at a point below and to the rear of the indieating-dislrs. The rack-bar 112, which is connected to the locking-key of the indicating-disk, and the bar 183 are both extended out through openings at the left-hand side of the casing of the machine, and the two bars are connected together by a cross-bar 185, the bar 183 moving with the bar 112 as the latter is operated by the spring-drum. One of the levers 161 is employed for each of the indicating-disks and type-segments, and the position of the web or flange 182 of the sliding bar 188 is normally or at the starting of a problem or the beginning of a line in such position as to prevent movement of the arms 181 of said lever in the direction of the indicating-disk, and thus prevent the coiled compressionspring 165 from setting the striker-bar. 1V hen the units-indicating disk is revolved, the movement is transmitted by the mechanism hereinafter described to the first of the typesegments, and as the locking-key 1-8 of the imlicating-dislrs moves to engage the tens-disk the movement is transmitted through the bars 112 and 185 to the bar 183, the web 182 of the latter being then moved from contact with the first of the levers 161 and allows the compression-spring 165 to compress the spring 155 of the striker-bar and set or cock the latter in readiness for a printing operation, and. this releasing movement of the web or flange 182 occurs successively as each indicating-disk and its corresponding tyrm-segment is moved to the selected position, while all of the striker--bars to the left of the disk and segment last moved will remain in inoperative position and will not strike against the Zero type-bars and imprinting zero-marks on the paper to the left of the row of figures.

Pivotall y mounted on the pin 180 are a plurality of levers 189, of which thereis one for each of the indicating-disks and type-segments, and each lever is movable imlependently of the other. At the upper end of each lever is a IOH bearing for the support of a short shaft or arbor 190, to which are secured a gear-wheel 191 and a chain-wheel192, disposed, respectively, on opposite sides of the lever. These levers also are under the control of the web or flange 182 of the sliding bar 183, and said web or flange holds'the levers in such position that the gear-wheels 191 are held out of mesh with the adjacent gear-teeth 92 of the indicatingdisks, the latter being adapted to engage with and turn the gear-wheels 191, and thus turn the reels 192 to wind. thereon the chains 193, which extend from the reels to the radial bars 170 of the type-segments. At the beginning of an operation the gear-wheel 191 to the ex treme right of the machine is in mesh with the gear-teeth of the units-indicating disk, the web or flange 182 being out of engagement with this lever, but remaining in engagement with the striker-connecting lever 161. The movement of the units-disk will therefore revolve the gear-wheel 191, and through it the wheel192, causing the winding up of the chain 193 and the adjustment of the type-segment to the desired position. As the bar 112 moves to adjust the locking-key to engagement with the tens-indicating disk the bar 183 receives a corresponding movement and first releases the initial striker-connected lever 161 to permit the setting of the striker-bar which shall eooperate with the selected type-bar of the unitssegment. The further movement of this bar 183 moves its web 182 out of engagement with the second of the levers 189 and permits the gear-wheel 191, carried by said lever, to fall into engagement with the gear-teeth of the tens-indicating disk in advance of the rotative movement of said disk. To preventlost motion, each of the chains 193 passes over a guiding-pulley 195, mounted on a pin or spindle 196, and between these guiding-pulleys are spacing-blocks 197, having flattened sides, to which are secured springs 198, bearing on the rear facesof the levers 189 and tending to force the gears 191 into engagement with the indicating-disk gears as soon as the web or flange 182 moves to releasing position.

In order to concentrate the printed record, the type-segments are arranged closely together, much more closely than it would be possible to provide the indicating-disks, the finger-keys, and other connected mechanisms, and to provide for this the several arms 170 of the type-segments, while extending in substantially radial lines in the vertical plane, diverge laterally until their upper ends are in horizontal alinement with the respective pulleys, indicating-disks, and the like, and in similar manner the rear ends of the levers 161 converge to the planes of the striker bars, and in this connection it may be observed that the arcuate bars 171, which carry the displaynumerals of the type-segments, are arranged in the same plane with the type-segments, their upper inner ends being secured to bars 171', disposed in the same plane with the typesegments and connected to the lower portions of the arms 170. The operative connections between the indicating-disk gears and the chain-wheels are such that the latter must move to adjust the type-segments without regard to the direction of movement of the indicating-disks. The chains are formed of pivotally-connected links, and to the lower end of each main section are pivoted two short sections 200 and 200', disposed, respectively, on opposite sides of the main section of the chain, and at the end of each of the short sections is a laterally-extended pin 202. Each chain-reel 192 has a centrally-disposed annular groove 203, into which the chain is wound, and on each side of the groove are recesses 204 for the reception of the end sections of said chain. At the end of each recess is an opening 205, extending into the body of the reel and adapted to receive the pins 202 at the end of the short sections. In the operation of this por tion of the mechanism, with the indicatingdisks rotating in the normal direction, the pin at the end of the section 200 will be engaged at the mouth of one of the recesses and, as the reel rotates, a short section of chain 200 will be received in the recess 20 1, and then the main section of chain will be gradually wound in the annular groove 203 for a distance dependent on the extent of movement of the indicating-disks. The short section 200 of the chain during this movement will hang loose and will be gradually received within the opening 205 and all danger of twisting of the chain will be prevented. The short chain-sections permit operative movement of the chainwheels in either direction and without any lost motion.

For the sake of clearness the movements of the type-segments and the striker-bar mechanism have been described as occurring in consecutive order as the web or flange 182 is moved to the left and successively releases the several levers 161 and 189. The machine may operate successfully in this manner; but for reasons hereinafter described it is preferred to delay the setting operation of the strikerbars until all of the type-segments have been moved to the desired position. To effect this, I employ a cam-shaft 210, on which are mounted a number of cams 211, of which one is disposed in alinement with each of the arms 181 of the levers 161, and the larger portions of said cams are normally in engagement'with the levers and prevent movement of the latter in the direction of the indicating-disks without, however, interfering with the operation of the type-segments and the movement of selected type-bars to the horizontal or printing position. This shaft 210 is provided at one end with gear-wheels 212 and 212, the former intermeshing with the gear-wheel 101 on the main operating-shaft 102, and after the horizontal row of figures has been indicated 

